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Nigel Paneth, M.D., M.P.H.
Professor of Epidemiology and Pediatrics
AB 1968 Columbia College
BMS 1970 Dartmouth Medical School
MD 1972 Harvard Medical School
MPH 1978 Columbia University School of Public Health
Michigan State University Department of Epidemiology B601 West Fee Hall East Lansing, Michigan 48824 Telephone: 517.353.8623
x112 Fax: 517.432.1130
E-mail:
paneth@epi.msu.edu
Community of Science Expertise Profile |
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Nigel Paneth is a pediatrician and
perinatal and child health epidemiologist with a
particular interest in the causes and prevention of
childhood neurodevelopmental handicap, especially
cerebral palsy. He received his medical degree from
Harvard in 1972, trained in pediatrics at the Albert
Einstein College of Medicine in NYC from 1972-1976, and
received the MPH in epidemiology from Columbia
University in 1978.
He began his academic career at Columbia
University in 1978 where he conducted studies of the
relationship of perinatal medical care to patterns of
fetal and infant mortality, particularly in premature
infants [1]. This was followed by studies of the
neurodevelopment of children born prematurely and its
relationship to patterns of perinatal brain damage. He
established the Neonatal Brain Hemorrhage Study, a
population-based longitudinal follow-up of cohort of
more than a thousand infants who weighed < 2 kg at birth
which has now been followed, with NIH support, for more
than 20 years [2]. This study has produced a
comprehensive overview of brain damage in premature
infants, based on its large series of such infants with
both ultrasound imaging and brain pathological
examination [3]. The study has also determined which
newborn cranial ultrasound images best predict cerebral
palsy [4], has assessed the effects of prenatal alcohol
ingestion [5] and mode of delivery [6] on brain damage,
and has shown that certain newborn ultrasound images
predict mental retardation [7] and hyperactivity [8].
The study has demonstrated that low levels of thyroid
hormone in the first days of life are important
predictors of lowered IQ and cerebral palsy [9], and has
shown that patterns of mechanical ventilation of
newborns are associated with different risks of
disabling cerebral palsy [10].
Dr. Paneth came to the College of Human
Medicine at Michigan State University in 1989 to develop
a Program in Epidemiology. The Program became a
Department in 1997, with Paneth serving from 1997 – 2002
as its first chair. He also served as Associate Dean
for Research of the College from 2000-2006. From
1996-99, Dr. Paneth led an international study of low
birthweight outcomes (Holland, Canada, Germany, US,
Jamaica). A key finding from that study is a much higher
rate of disabling CP in premature infants born at the
border of viability in a US population, where intensive
care was universal, than in Holland, where such care was
more selectively offered [11]. That study also found
that patterns of behavioral disorders in babies weighing
under 1000g at birth are remarkably similar in different
countries [12], and the prevalence of school problems in
childhood is high for such children in all four
countries [13]. At the present time, Dr. Paneth
participates in an NIH-funded multi-hospital
observational study of molecular antecedents of brain
damage in infants born prior to 28 weeks gestation [14],
and an international pilot study of thyroid hormone
supplementation in such infants, also funded by NIH
[15]. Since 2005, he directs the nation’s only NIH-funded
T-32 research training program devoted to providing both
pre and post-doctoral training in perinatal
epidemiology.
From 2001-2004, Dr. Paneth served as
non-federal chair of the Study Design Working Group of
the National Children’s Study.
www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov). Working with a
consortium of investigators from the University of
Michigan, Wayne State University, the Henry Ford Health
System and the Michigan Department of Community Health,
Dr. Paneth became, in 2007, principal investigator of
the Wayne County Study Site, one of the 26 counties who
are participating in the first wave of 105 counties who
will ultimately constitute the population source for
this epic study of child health.
He has a strong interest in
epidemiologic history, reflected in his work on the
history of case-control studies [16, 17] and his
participation as a co-author of a 2003 biography of the
19th century father of epidemiology and scientific
anesthesia, John Snow [18]
Cited Publications
1. Paneth N, Kiely JL, Wallenstein
S, Marcus M, Pakter J, Susser MW. Newborn intensive care
and neonatal mortality in low birthweight infants: A
population study. New Eng J Med 1982; 307:149-155.
2. Pinto-Martin J, Paneth N,
Witomski T, Stern I, Schonfeld S, Rosenfeld D, Rose W,
Kazam E, Kairam R, Katsikiotis V, Susser M. The central
New Jersey neonatal brain hemorrhage study: Design of
the study and reliability of ultrasound diagnosis.
Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 1992; 6:273-284.
3. Paneth N, Rudelli R, Kazam E,
Monte W. Brain Damage in the Preterm Infant. (Clinics in
Developmental Medicine No. 131). London: Mac Keith
Press, 1994.
4. Pinto-Martin J, Riolo S, Cnaan
A, Holzman C, Susser MW, Paneth N. Cranial ultrasound
prediction of disabling and non-disabling cerebral palsy
in a low birthweight population. Pediatrics 1995;
95:249-254.
5. Holzman C, Paneth N, Little R,
Pinto-Martin J: Perinatal brain injury in premature
infants born to mothers using alcohol in pregnancy.
Pediatrics 1995; 95:66-73.
6. Qiu, H, Lorenz JL, Lenski M,
Pinto-Martin JA, Jetton J, Paneth N: Obstetric factors
in brain damage, disabling cerebral palsy and neonatal
death in low birthweight infants. Am J Obstet Gynecol
2003; 189: 1143-9.
7. Whitaker AH, Feldman JF, Van
Rossem R, Schonfeld IS, Pinto-Martin JA, Torre C,
Blumenthal SR, Paneth N. Neonatal cranial ultrasound
abnormalities: Relation to cognitive outcomes at age
six. Pediatrics 1996; 98:719-729.
8. Whitaker A, Van Rossem R,
Feldman J, Schonfeld I, Torre C, Pinto-Martin J,
Blumenthal S, Shaffer D, Paneth N. Perinatal brain
injury as detected by neonatal cranial ultrasound:
psychiatric sequelae in LBW children at age six. Arch
Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54:847-856.
9. Reuss L, Paneth N, Lorenz JM,
Pinto-Martin J, Susser M. Transient hypothyroxinemia in
preterm infants and neurodevelopment at age two. New
England J Med 1996; 334:821-827.
10. Collins M, Paneth N, Lorenz J.
Hypocapnia, prolonged ventilation, and risk of disabling
cerebral palsy in low birth weight infants. Pediatric
Research 2001; 50:712-719.
11. Lorenz JM, Paneth N, Jetton JR, den
Ouden L, Tyson JE: Comparison of management strategies
for extreme prematurity in New Jersey and the
Netherlands: outcomes and resource expenditures.
Pediatrics 2001;108;1269-1274.
12. Hille ETM, den Ouden AL, Wolke DFH,
Saigal S, Hoult L, Lambert M, Meyer RA, Whitaker A,
Pinto-Martin J, Feldman J, Verloove-Vanhorick P, Paneth
N: Consistency in the types of behavioral problems
reported in extremely low birthweight infants in four
countries. Lancet 2001; 357:1641-3.
13. Saigal S, den Ouden L, Wolke D,
Hoult L, Paneth N, Streiner DL, Whitaker A, Pinto-Martin
JA: School-age outcomes in children who were extremely
low birth weight from four international
population-based cohorts. Pediatrics 2003;112:943-50.
14. Dammann O, Phillips TM, Allred E,
O'Shea TM, Paneth N, Van Marter LJ, Bose C, Ehrenkranz
RA, Bednarek FJ, Naples M, and Leviton A. Mediators of
fetal inflammation in extremely low gestational age
newborns. Cytokine 2001; 13:234-239.
15. Paneth N: Does transient
hypothyroxinemia cause abnormal neurodevelopment in
premature infants? Clinics in Perinatology 1998;
25:627-643.
16. Paneth N, Susser E, Susser MW. The
early history and development of the case-control study.
Part I . Early evolution. Social & Preventive Medicine
2002; 47:5: 282-288.
17. Paneth N, Susser E, Susser MW. The
early history and development of the case-control study.
Part II. The case-control study since Lane-Claypon.
Social & Preventive Medicine 2002;47:6:359-365.
18. Vinten-Johansen P, Brody H, Paneth
N, Rachman S, Rip M: Cholera, Chloroform, and the
Science of Medicine: A Life of John Snow. New York:
Oxford University Press, 2003.
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